{
 "number": 478,
 "headline": "December 31, 2024 Tuesday Winter Update",
 "standfirst": "Strong winter storm early next week across Ohio River Valley",
 "desk": "winter",
 "dateline": {
  "place": "Weather Trader",
  "state": null,
  "lat": null,
  "lon": null,
  "site_key": null,
  "site_name": null,
  "site_url": null,
  "accent": null
 },
 "edition": "2024-12-31",
 "published": "2024-12-31T14:36:34.376000Z",
 "updated": null,
 "access": "members",
 "body_html": "",
 "body_key": "substack/153853185-december-31-2024-tuesday-winter-update.html",
 "teaser_html": "<p>Good morning!   While the calendar says this is the last day of 2024, the Earth\u2019s seasons, weather and climate won\u2019t notice as the atmosphere/ocean system operates on a multitude of time scales.  Of course, the annual cycle is important for renewal and wiping the slate clean in some respects.  Heat is removed from the oceans in the middle-latitudes through radiational cooling to the atmosphere above helping to fuel storms.  While we experience [extreme] weather on shorter time scales from hours, days to maybe a week, the ocean operates much slower with a longer memory.</p><p>I am fascinated with climate variability and believe that much progress will be made with A.I. tools in the coming few years to better understand the year-to-year changes we experience like El Nino, volcanic eruptions, and Pacific/Atlantic multidecadal variability.</p>",
 "claims": [],
 "assets": [],
 "provenance": {
  "built_at": "2026-09-10T14:46:15Z",
  "model": null,
  "cycle": null,
  "stores": [
   "https://weather.substack.com/p/december-31-2024-tuesday-winter-update"
  ],
  "mint_sha256": null,
  "pairing_rule": null,
  "detector": null,
  "detector_version": null,
  "inputs": {
   "substack_post_id": "153853185.december-31-2024-tuesday-winter-update",
   "audience": "only_paid",
   "type": "newsletter",
   "imported_from": "substack export"
  }
 },
 "strength": 0.0,
 "tags": [
  "archive",
  "only_paid"
 ],
 "supersedes": null,
 "superseded_by": null,
 "source": "substack",
 "canonical": "https://weather.substack.com/p/december-31-2024-tuesday-winter-update",
 "slug": "december-31-2024-tuesday-winter-update",
 "path": "/mp/478/",
 "url": "https://forecastpost.com/mp/478/",
 "desk_label": "Winter",
 "digest": "d09bf1bcf38c2e9aa24d9514e01ea214723464cb843a33a3820d105ec3f7dc27"
}